DMARC-Filter: OpenDMARC Filter v1.4.2 delorie.com 60IK1XY33734709 Authentication-Results: delorie.com; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=cygwin.com Authentication-Results: delorie.com; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=cygwin.com DKIM-Filter: OpenDKIM Filter v2.11.0 delorie.com 60IK1XY33734709 Authentication-Results: delorie.com; dkim=pass (1024-bit key, unprotected) header.d=cygwin.com header.i=@cygwin.com header.a=rsa-sha256 header.s=default header.b=tI2z+OR2 X-Recipient: archive-cygwin AT delorie DOT com DKIM-Filter: OpenDKIM Filter v2.11.0 sourceware.org 4E44B4B9DB5E DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=cygwin.com; s=default; t=1768766491; bh=A2ezdr8eZpmnESsNBa9sYIPrdPeVV+U/nvQcPi8Gme0=; h=Date:To:Subject:List-Id:List-Unsubscribe:List-Archive:List-Post: List-Help:List-Subscribe:From:Reply-To:From; b=tI2z+OR2t6xn8D9NXUDrdUL0LrG5CRPBi3OY9YbbwG1w/3Y7ltnOl42Ucvs6iOyRn dtpCCA2up3xfwK+ZRWG2fmQKStocXI5GT3oFKLRvQki4vfOj07TxwamDtGxKM1ojSp v4zFn3Yc3AfZP23k6pr2F38FVGxuZpoEc/gLfxdc= X-Original-To: cygwin AT cygwin DOT com Delivered-To: cygwin AT cygwin DOT com DMARC-Filter: OpenDMARC Filter v1.4.2 sourceware.org 4F8EB4BA2E1D ARC-Filter: OpenARC Filter v1.0.0 sourceware.org 4F8EB4BA2E1D ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=sourceware.org; s=key; t=1768766443; cv=none; b=RAWLST9DJv9LzCcxHCPFT3J3RUgaQvWtuDFTAMvik4U7sHH9JwZSBUX4SxticnMI6ynbyx4xuF4YWAYUAvXD9rJceYdyiXMfMBWWq6NTmKZk3D7+TYtDeSvwjM+8LFlRH4iG6kdsySEislg9SYdXYTZ7o8M+mAhlNKY4kVVOwns= ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=sourceware.org; s=key; t=1768766443; c=relaxed/simple; bh=7xQeZo2WXfb5rK3R7Np3kNDAvtH4jYYjU5nE7cGbdgk=; h=DKIM-Signature:Date:From:To:Message-ID:Subject:MIME-Version; b=OWHnk/vai4hT5LPJKH6NjtNrx15DjV5KARr44Tkv0KYBs8SXuozOBPHv6u79shM9cg+YnHKj/VFoQmTMfXjWaSuEr8OugreewVGGuk308PgH+vpbr7jNRWI+v23zCA0EzGi8XuCGwJvtxVIMnQwFTbDSQtIKwnR0VimFxijMMc0= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; server2.sourceware.org DKIM-Filter: OpenDKIM Filter v2.11.0 sourceware.org 4F8EB4BA2E1D Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2026 12:00:40 -0800 (PST) To: "cygwin AT cygwin DOT com" Message-ID: <226987210.591128.1768766440723@connect.xfinity.com> Subject: Log2 seems inefficient MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Priority: 3 Importance: Normal X-Mailer: Open-Xchange Mailer v7.10.6-Rev83 X-Originating-IP: ::ffff:50.47.202.14 X-Originating-Port: 24514 X-Originating-Client: open-xchange-appsuite X-CMAE-Envelope: MS4xfFYlrJsTIOXIL0woea6ttAz4NlaEqvgfbjzFzwIuqyE4yM9PNqbWUAf1HTmJ8QUDL3zKAEXqJNZqJAEFfb9ZRTx3qhji2biTbw7gfmhciRLgyTqDOysG 2Dg4zDlH2TyfrFf326u8o1SNYY4px3ReL/es4s2ztVjDBc8Vn4fYJo9RepHvvyd62b5RaHUX+CVuWxlNdN9jHnyBzJhk6vy3hZo= X-Content-Filtered-By: Mailman/MimeDel 2.1.30 X-BeenThere: cygwin AT cygwin DOT com X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.30 List-Id: General Cygwin discussions and problem reports List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , From: KENNON J CONRAD via Cygwin Reply-To: KENNON J CONRAD Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: "Cygwin" Hello, I am not an experienced cygwin user but have been using it to compile code on Windows (gcc), so I may be leaving out some key details. My issue is that for every log2 call in my code there is a divide that follows a log library call in the assembly code. It appears to be related to these lines in math.h: #if !defined(__cplusplus) #define log2(x) (log (x) / _M_LN2) #endif My questions are: If log(x) is used, wouldn't it be faster to multiply by constant (1/LN2) instead of divide by constant (LN2)? And wouldn't it be even more efficient to compute log2 directly instead of computing the natural log and then converting it to log2? I realize this is not a "bug", it just doesn't seem very optimal from an speed standpoint. Best Regards, Kennon Conrad -- Problem reports: https://cygwin.com/problems.html FAQ: https://cygwin.com/faq/ Documentation: https://cygwin.com/docs.html Unsubscribe info: https://cygwin.com/ml/#unsubscribe-simple