The following options affect an entire plot. They should normally occur
at most once, and should appear on the command line before the first
file name. If a multiplot is being drawn, they may (with the
exception of the `-T' option) occur more than once. If so, the
second and later occurrences should be placed on the command line
immediately after each `--reposition x y' option, which
separates the plots in a multiplot.
- `-T type'
- `--display-type type'
- (String, default "meta".) Select a display type or output format of
type type, which may be one of the strings "X", "png", "pnm",
"gif", "svg", "ai", "ps", "cgm", "fig", "pcl", "hpgl", "regis", "tek",
and "meta". These refer respectively to the X Window System, PNG
format, portable anymap (PBM/PGM/PPM) format, pseudo-GIF format, the new
XML-based Scalable Vector Graphics format, the format used by Adobe
Illustrator,
idraw-editable Postscript, the WebCGM format for
Web-based vector graphics, the format used by the xfig drawing
editor, the Hewlett--Packard PCL 5 printer language, the
Hewlett--Packard Graphics Language (by default, HP-GL/2), the ReGIS
(remote graphics instruction set) format developed by DEC, Tektronix
format, and device-independent GNU graphics metafile format.
- `-E x|y'
- `--toggle-axis-end x|y'
- Set the position of the indicated axis to be on the other end of the
plotting box from what is currently the case. E.g., `-E y' will
cause the y axis to appear on the right of the plot rather than
the left, which is the default. Similarly, `-E x' will cause the
x axis to appear at the top of the plot rather than the
bottom. Note that if the x axis appears at the top, no
plot title will be drawn, since there will be no room.
- `-f size'
- `--font-size size'
- (Float, default 0.0525.) Set the size of the font used for the axis and
tick labels to be size. The size is specified as a fraction of
the minimum dimension (width or height) of the plotting box.
- `-F font_name'
- `--font-name font_name'
- (String, default "Helvetica" except for
graph -T pcl, for which
"Univers" is the default, and graph -T png, graph -T pnm,
graph -T gif, graph -T hpgl, graph -T regis,
graph -T tek, and raw graph, for all of which
"HersheySerif" is the default.) Set the font used for the axis and tick
labels, and for the plot title (if any), to be font_name. The
choice of font for the plot title may be overridden with the
`--title-font-name' option (see below). Font names are
case-insensitive. If the specified font is not available, the
default font will be used. Which fonts are available depends on which
`-T' option is used. For a list of all fonts, see A.1 Available text fonts. The plotfont utility will produce a character map of any
available font. See section 6. The plotfont Utility.
- `-g grid_style'
- `--grid-style grid_style'
- (Integer in the range 0...4, default 2.) Set the grid style for the
plot to be grid_style. Grid styles 0 through 3 are
progressively more fancy, but style 4 is a somewhat different style.
- no axes, tick marks or labels.
- a pair of axes, with tick marks and labels.
- box around plot, with tick marks and labels.
- box around plot, with tick marks and labels; also grid lines.
- axes intersect at the origin, with tick marks and labels.
- `-h height'
- `--height-of-plot height'
- (Float, default 0.6.) Set the fractional height of the plot with
respect to the height of the display (or virtual display, in the case of
a multiplot) to be height. A value of 1.0 will produce a
plotting box that fills the entire available area. Since labels and
tick marks may be placed outside the plotting box, values considerably
less than 1.0 are normally chosen.
- `-H'
- `--toggle-frame-on-top'
- Toggle whether or not a copy of the plot frame should be drawn on top of
the plot, as well as beneath it. This option is useful when the
plotted dataset(s) project slightly beyond the frame, which can happen
if a large line thickness or symbol size is specified.
- `-k length'
- `--tick-size length'
- (Float, default .02.) Set the length of the tick marks on each axis to
be length. A value of 1.0 produces tick marks whose length is
equal to the minimum dimension (width or height) of the plotting box.
A negative length yields tick marks that extend outside the
box, rather than inside.
- `-K clip_mode'
- `--clip-mode clip_mode'
- (Integer, default 1.) Set the clip mode for the plot to
clip_mode. The clip mode is relevant only if data points are
being joined by a line, and the line is not being filled to create a
filled region (since filled regions are clipped in a fixed way).
There are three clip modes: 0, 1, and 2. They have the same meaning
as in the gnuplot plotting program. Clip mode 0 means that a
line segment joining two data points will be plotted only if neither
point is outside the plotting box. Clip mode 1 means that it will
be plotted if no more than one of the two points is outside, and clip
mode 2 means that it will be plotted even if both are outside.
In all three clip modes the line segment will be clipped to the
plotting box.
- `-l x|y'
- `--toggle-log-axis x|y'
- Set the specified axis to be a log axis rather than a linear axis, or
vice versa. By default, both axes are linear axes.
- `-L top_label'
- `--top-label top_label'
- (String, default empty.) Place the text string top_label above
the plot, as its `top label', i.e., title. The string may include
escape sequences (see section A.4 Text string format and escape sequences). The
`--title-font-size' option may be used to specify the size of the
font. The font is normally the same as the font used for labeling axes
and ticks, as selected by the `-F' option. But this can be
overridden with the `--title-font-name' option.
- `-N x|y'
- `--toggle-no-ticks x|y'
- Toggle the presence of ticks and tick labels on the specified axis.
This applies to the grid styles that normally include ticks and tick
labels, i.e., grid styles 1, 2, 3, and 4.
- `-r right'
- `--right-shift right'
- (Float, default 0.2.) Move the plot to the right by a fractional amount
right with respect to the width of the display (or virtual
display, in the case of a multiplot). This produces a margin on the
left side of the plotting box. A value of 0.5 will produce a margin
half the width of the available area. Note that the tick marks and
labels are drawn in the margin.
- `-R x|y'
- `--toggle-round-to-next-tick x|y'
- Toggle whether or not the upper and lower limits of the specified axis
should be expanded, so that they both become integer multiples of the
spacing between labeled tick marks.
This option is meaningful whenever the user specifies either or both of
the limits, by using the `-x' or `-y' option. If the user
leaves both limits unspecified, they will always be chosen to satisfy
the `integer multiple' constraint.
- `-s'
- `--save-screen'
- Save the screen. This option requests that
graph not erase the
output device before it begins to plot.
This option is relevant only to graph -T tek and raw
graph. Tektronix displays and emulators are persistent, in the
sense that previously drawn graphics remain visible. So by repeatedly
using graph -T tek -s, you can build up a multiplot.
- `-t'
- `--toggle-transpose-axes'
- Transpose the abscissa and ordinate. This causes the axes to be
interchanged, and the options that apply to each axis to be applied to
the opposite axis. That is, data points are read in as (y, x)
pairs, and such options as `-x' and `-X' apply to the
y axis rather than the x axis. If the
`-I e' option is in force, so that the data points are read with
error bars, the orientation of the error bars will be switched between
vertical and horizontal.
- `-u up'
- `--upward-shift up'
- (Float, default 0.2.) Move the plot up by a fractional amount up
with respect to the height of the display (or virtual display, in the
case of a multiplot). This produces a margin below the plotting box.
A value of 0.5 will produce a margin half the height of the
available area. Note that the tick marks and labels are drawn in the
margin.
- `-w width'
- `--width-of-plot width'
- (Float, default 0.6.) Set the fractional width of the plot with respect
to the width of the display (or virtual display, in the case of a
multiplot) to be width. A value of 1.0 will produce a
plotting box that fills the entire available area. Since labels and
tick marks may be placed outside the plotting box, values considerably
less than 1.0 are normally chosen.
- `-x [lower_limit [upper_limit [spacing]]]'
- `--x-limits [lower_limit [upper_limit [spacing]]]'
- (Floats.) The arguments lower_limit and upper_limit specify
the limits of the x axis, and the optional argument
spacing specifies the spacing of labeled ticks along the axis.
If any of the three arguments is missing or is supplied as
`-' (i.e., as a single hyphen), it is computed from the data.
Both arguments lower_limit and upper_limit must be present
if
graph is to act as a real-time filter.
By default, the supplied limit(s) are strictly respected. However, the
`-R x' option may be used to request that they be rounded to the
nearest integer multiple of the spacing between labeled ticks. The
lower limit will be rounded downward, and the upper limit upward.
- `-X x_label'
- `--x-label x_label'
- (String, default empty.) Set the label for the x axis to be the text
string x_label. The string may include escape sequences
(see section A.4 Text string format and escape sequences). The `-F' and `-f' options may
be used to specify the name of the font and the size of the font.
- `-y [lower_limit [upper_limit [spacing]]]'
- `--y-limits [lower_limit [upper_limit [spacing]]]'
- (Floats.) The arguments specify the limits of the y axis, and
the spacing of labeled ticks along it, as for the x axis (see
above). Both arguments lower_limit and upper_limit must be
present if
graph is to act as a real-time filter.
By default, the supplied limit(s) are strictly respected. However, the
`-R y' option may be used to request that they be rounded to the
nearest multiple of the tick spacing. The lower limit will be rounded
downward, and the upper limit upward.
- `-Y y_label'
- `--y-label y_label'
- (String, default empty.) Set the label for the y axis to be the
text string y_label. The string may include escape sequences
(see section A.4 Text string format and escape sequences). The label will be rotated by 90 degrees
so that it is parallel to the axis, unless the
`--toggle-rotate-y-label' option is used. Some old X Window
System displays do not support rotated labels, and require the
`--toggle-rotate-y-label' option. The `-F' and `-f'
options can be used to specify the name of the font and the size of the
font.
- `--bg-color name'
- (String, default "white".) Set the color used for the plot background
to be name. This is relevant only to
graph -T X,
graph -T png, graph -T pnm, graph -T gif,
graph -T cgm, graph -T regis, and graph -T meta.
An unrecognized name sets the color to the default. For information
on what names are recognized, see B. Specifying Colors by Name. The environment
variable BG_COLOR can equally well be used to specify the
background color.
If the `-T png' or `-T gif' option is used, a transparent PNG
file or a transparent pseudo-GIF, respectively, may be produced by
setting the TRANSPARENT_COLOR environment variable to the name of
the background color. See section 2.7 Environment variables. If the `-T
svg' or `-T cgm' option is used, an output file without a
background may be produced by setting the background color to "none".
- `--bitmap-size bitmap_size'
- (String, default "570x570".) Set the size of the graphics display in
which the plot will be drawn, in terms of pixels, to be
bitmap_size. This is relevant only to
graph -T X,
graph -T png, graph -T pnm, and graph -T gif, for
all of which the size can be expressed in terms of pixels. The
environment variable BITMAPSIZE may equally well be used to
specify the size.
The graphics display used by graph -T X is a popped-up X
window. Command-line positioning of this window on an X Window
System display is supported. For example, if bitmap_size is
"570x570+0+0" then the window will be popped up in the upper left
corner.
If you choose a rectangular (non-square) window size, the fonts in the
plot will be scaled anisotropically, i.e., by different factors in the
horizontal and vertical direction. For this, graph -T X
requires an X11R6 display. Any font that cannot be anisotropically
scaled will be replaced by a default scalable font, such as the Hershey
vector font "HersheySerif".
For backward compatibility, graph -T X allows the user to set the
window size and position by setting the X resource
Xplot.geometry, instead of `--bitmap-size' or
BITMAPSIZE.
- `--emulate-color option'
- (String, default "no".) If option is "yes", replace each color in
the output by an appropriate shade of gray. This is seldom useful,
except when using `graph -T pcl' to prepare output for a PCL 5
device. (Many monochrome PCL 5 devices, such as monochrome
LaserJets, do a poor job of emulating color on their own. They usually
map HP-GL/2's seven standard pen colors, including even yellow, to
black.) You may equally well request color emulation by setting the
environment variable
EMULATE_COLOR to "yes".
- `--frame-color name'
- (String, default "black".) Set the color used for drawing the plot
frame, and for drawing monochrome datasets (if any) to be
name. An unrecognized name sets the color to the default.
For information on what names are recognized, see B. Specifying Colors by Name.
- `--frame-line-width frame_line_width'
- (Float, default -1.0.) Set the thickness of lines in the plot
frame, as a fraction of the size (i.e., minimum dimension) of the
graphics display, to frame_line_width. A negative value means
that the default value for the line thickness provided by the GNU
libplot graphics library should be used. This is usually 1/850
times the size of the display, although if `-T X', `-T png',
`-T pnm', or `-T gif' is specified, it is zero. By
convention, a zero-thickness line is the thinnest line that can be
drawn. This is the case in all output formats. Note, however, that the
drawing editors idraw and xfig treat zero-thickness lines
as invisible.
graph -T tek and graph -T regis do not support drawing
lines with other than a default thickness, and graph -T hpgl does
not support doing so if the environment variable HPGL_VERSION
is set to a value less than "2" (the default).
- `--max-line-length max_line_length'
- (Integer, default 500.) Set the maximum number of points that a
polygonal line drawn through any dataset may contain, before it is
flushed to the output device, to equal max_line_length. If
this flushing occurs, the polygonal line will be split into two or more
sub-lines, though the splitting should not be noticeable. Splitting
will not take place if the `-q' option, which requests filling, is
used.
The reason for splitting long polygonal lines is that some display
devices (e.g., old Postscript printers and HP-GL pen plotters) have
limited buffer sizes. The environment variable MAX_LINE_LENGTH
can also be used to specify the maximum line length. This option has no
effect on graph -T tek or raw graph, since they draw
polylines in real time and have no buffer limitations.
- `--page-size pagesize'
- (String, default "letter".) Set the size of the page on which the plot
will be positioned. This is relevant only to
graph -T svg,
graph -T ai, graph -T ps, graph -T cgm, graph
-T fig, graph -T pcl, and graph -T hpgl. "letter" means
an 8.5in by 11in page. Any ISO page size in the range
"a0"..."a4" or ANSI page size in the range "a"..."e" may be
specified ("letter" is an alias for "a" and "tabloid" is an alias
for "b"). "legal", "ledger", and "b5" are recognized page sizes
also. The environment variable PAGESIZE can equally well be used
to specify the page size.
For graph -T ai, graph -T ps, graph -T pcl, and
graph -T fig, the graphics display (or `viewport') within which
the plot is drawn will be, by default, a square region centered on the
specified page. For graph -T hpgl, it will be a square region of
the same size, but may be positioned differently. Either or both of the
dimensions of the graphics display can be specified explicitly. For
example, pagesize could be specified as "letter,xsize=4in", or
"a4,xsize=10cm,ysize=15cm". The dimensions are allowed to be negative
(a negative dimension results in a reflection).
The position of the graphics display, relative to its default position,
may optionally be adjusted by specifying an offset vector. For example,
pagesize could be specified as "letter,yoffset=1.2in", or
"a4,xoffset=-5mm,yoffset=2.0cm". It is also possible to
position the graphics display precisely, by specifying the location of
its lower left corner relative to the lower left corner of the page.
For example, pagesize could be specified as
"letter,xorigin=2in,yorigin=3in", or "a4,xorigin=0.5cm,yorigin=0.5cm".
The preceding options may be intermingled. graph -T svg and
graph -T cgm ignore the "xoffset", "yoffset", "xorigin", and
"yorigin" options, since SVG format and WebCGM format have no notion of
the Web page on which the graphics display will ultimately be
positioned. For more on page sizes, see C. Page Sizes and Viewport Sizes.
- `--pen-colors colors'
- (String, default "1=red:2=green:3=blue:4=magenta:5=cyan".) Set the
colors of the pens used for drawing plots, as numbered, to be
colors. The format should be self-explanatory. An
unrecognized name sets the corresponding color to the default. For
information on what names are recognized, see B. Specifying Colors by Name.
- `--rotation angle'
- (Integer, default 0.) Set the rotation angle of the graphics display to
be angle degrees. Recognized values are 0, 90, 180, and
270. The rotation is counterclockwise. The environment variable
ROTATION can equally well be used to specify the rotation angle.
This option is used for switching between portrait and landscape
orientations. Postmodernists may also find it useful.
- `--title-font-name font_name'
- (String, default "Helvetica" except for
graph -T pcl, for which
"Univers" is the default, and graph -T png, graph -T pnm,
graph -T gif, graph -T hpgl, graph -T regis, and
graph -T tek, for all of which "HersheySerif" is the default.)
Set the font used for the plot title to be font_name. Normally
the font used for the plot title is the same as that used for labeling
the axes and the ticks along the axes, as specified by the `-F'
option. But the `--title-font-name' option can be used to override
this. Font names are case-insensitive. If the specified font is
not available, the default font will be used. Which fonts are available
depends on which `-T' option is used. For a list of all fonts, see
A.1 Available text fonts. The plotfont utility will produce a character
map of any available font. See section 6. The plotfont Utility.
- `--title-font-size size'
- (Float, default 0.07.) Set the size of the font used for the top label
(`title'), as specified by the `-L' option, to be size. The
size is specified as a fraction of the minimum dimension (width or
height) of the plotting box.
- `--toggle-rotate-y-label'
- Position the label on the y axis (which is set with the `-Y'
option) horizontally instead of vertically, or vice versa. By default,
the label is rotated, so that it is parallel to the y axis.
But some output devices (e.g., old X Window System displays) cannot
handle rotated fonts.
