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Libtool

11.1 Writing libraries for C++

Creating libraries of C++ code should be a fairly straightforward process, because its object files differ from C ones in only three ways:

1. Because of name mangling, C++ libraries are only usable by the C++ compiler that created them. This decision was made by the designers of C++ in order to protect users from conflicting implementations of features such as constructors, exception handling, and RTTI.

2. On some systems, the C++ compiler must take special actions for the dynamic linker to run dynamic (i.e., run-time) initializers. This means that we should not call `ld' directly to link such libraries, and we should use the C++ compiler instead.

3. C++ compilers will link some Standard C++ library in by default, but libtool does not know which are these libraries, so it cannot even run the inter-library dependence analyzer to check how to link it in. Therefore, running `ld' to link a C++ program or library is deemed to fail. However, running the C++ compiler directly may lead to problems related with inter-library dependencies.

The conclusion is that libtool is not ready for general use for C++ libraries. You should avoid any global or static variable initializations that would cause an "initializer element is not constant" error if you compiled them with a standard C compiler.

There are other ways of working around this problem, but they are beyond the scope of this manual.

Furthermore, you'd better find out, at configure time, what are the C++ Standard libraries that the C++ compiler will link in by default, and explicitly list them in the link command line. Hopefully, in the future, libtool will be able to do this job by itself.