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Debugging with GDB

Table of Contents

Summary of GDB

Free software
Free Software Needs Free Documentation
Contributors to GDB

1. A Sample GDB Session
2. Getting In and Out of GDB

2.1 Invoking GDB

2.1.1 Choosing files
2.1.2 Choosing modes

2.2 Quitting GDB
2.3 Shell commands

3. GDB Commands

3.1 Command syntax
3.2 Command completion
3.3 Getting help

4. Running Programs Under GDB

4.1 Compiling for debugging
4.2 Starting your program
4.3 Your program's arguments
4.4 Your program's environment
4.5 Your program's working directory
4.6 Your program's input and output
4.7 Debugging an already-running process
4.8 Killing the child process
4.9 Debugging programs with multiple threads
4.10 Debugging programs with multiple processes

5. Stopping and Continuing

5.1 Breakpoints, watchpoints, and catchpoints

5.1.1 Setting breakpoints
5.1.2 Setting watchpoints
5.1.3 Setting catchpoints
5.1.4 Deleting breakpoints
5.1.5 Disabling breakpoints
5.1.6 Break conditions
5.1.7 Breakpoint command lists
5.1.8 Breakpoint menus
5.1.9 "Cannot insert breakpoints"

5.2 Continuing and stepping
5.3 Signals
5.4 Stopping and starting multi-thread programs

6. Examining the Stack

6.1 Stack frames
6.2 Backtraces
6.3 Selecting a frame
6.4 Information about a frame

7. Examining Source Files

7.1 Printing source lines
7.2 Searching source files
7.3 Specifying source directories
7.4 Source and machine code

8. Examining Data

8.1 Expressions
8.2 Program variables
8.3 Artificial arrays
8.4 Output formats
8.5 Examining memory
8.6 Automatic display
8.7 Print settings
8.8 Value history
8.9 Convenience variables
8.10 Registers
8.11 Floating point hardware
8.12 Vector Unit
8.13 Memory region attributes

8.13.1 Attributes

8.13.1.1 Memory Access Mode
8.13.1.2 Memory Access Size
8.13.1.3 Data Cache

8.14 Copy between memory and a file

9. C Preprocessor Macros
10. Tracepoints

10.1 Commands to Set Tracepoints

10.1.1 Create and Delete Tracepoints
10.1.2 Enable and Disable Tracepoints
10.1.3 Tracepoint Passcounts
10.1.4 Tracepoint Action Lists
10.1.5 Listing Tracepoints
10.1.6 Starting and Stopping Trace Experiment

10.2 Using the collected data

10.2.1 tfind n
10.2.2 tdump
10.2.3 save-tracepoints filename

10.3 Convenience Variables for Tracepoints

11. Debugging Programs That Use Overlays

11.1 How Overlays Work
11.2 Overlay Commands
11.3 Automatic Overlay Debugging
11.4 Overlay Sample Program

12. Using GDB with Different Languages

12.1 Switching between source languages

12.1.1 List of filename extensions and languages
12.1.2 Setting the working language
12.1.3 Having GDB infer the source language

12.2 Displaying the language
12.3 Type and range checking

12.3.1 An overview of type checking
12.3.2 An overview of range checking

12.4 Supported languages

12.4.1 C and C++

12.4.1.1 C and C++ operators
12.4.1.2 C and C++ constants
12.4.1.3 C++ expressions
12.4.1.4 C and C++ defaults
12.4.1.5 C and C++ type and range checks
12.4.1.6 GDB and C
12.4.1.7 GDB features for C++

12.4.2 Modula-2

12.4.2.1 Operators
12.4.2.2 Built-in functions and procedures
12.4.2.3 Constants
12.4.2.4 Modula-2 defaults
12.4.2.5 Deviations from standard Modula-2
12.4.2.6 Modula-2 type and range checks
12.4.2.7 The scope operators :: and .
12.4.2.8 GDB and Modula-2

13. Examining the Symbol Table
14. Altering Execution

14.1 Assignment to variables
14.2 Continuing at a different address
14.3 Giving your program a signal
14.4 Returning from a function
14.5 Calling program functions
14.6 Patching programs

15. GDB Files

15.1 Commands to specify files
15.2 Errors reading symbol files

16. Specifying a Debugging Target

16.1 Active targets
16.2 Commands for managing targets
16.3 Choosing target byte order
16.4 Remote debugging
16.5 Kernel Object Display

17. Debugging remote programs

17.1 Using the gdbserver program
17.2 Using the gdbserve.nlm program
17.3 Implementing a remote stub

17.3.1 What the stub can do for you
17.3.2 What you must do for the stub
17.3.3 Putting it all together

18. Configuration-Specific Information

18.1 Native

18.1.1 HP-UX
18.1.2 SVR4 process information
18.1.3 Features for Debugging DJGPP Programs
18.1.4 Features for Debugging MS Windows PE executables

18.2 Embedded Operating Systems

18.2.1 Using GDB with VxWorks

18.2.1.1 Connecting to VxWorks
18.2.1.2 VxWorks download
18.2.1.3 Running tasks

18.3 Embedded Processors

18.3.1 ARM
18.3.2 Hitachi H8/300

18.3.2.1 Connecting to Hitachi boards
18.3.2.2 Using the E7000 in-circuit emulator
18.3.2.3 Special GDB commands for Hitachi micros

18.3.3 H8/500
18.3.4 Intel i960

18.3.4.1 Startup with Nindy
18.3.4.2 Options for Nindy
18.3.4.3 Nindy reset command

18.3.5 Mitsubishi M32R/D
18.3.6 M68k
18.3.7 MIPS Embedded
18.3.8 PowerPC
18.3.9 HP PA Embedded
18.3.10 Hitachi SH
18.3.11 Tsqware Sparclet

18.3.11.1 Setting file to debug
18.3.11.2 Connecting to Sparclet
18.3.11.3 Sparclet download
18.3.11.4 Running and debugging

18.3.12 Fujitsu Sparclite
18.3.13 Tandem ST2000
18.3.14 Zilog Z8000

18.4 Architectures

18.4.1 A29K
18.4.2 Alpha
18.4.3 MIPS

19. Controlling GDB

19.1 Prompt
19.2 Command editing
19.3 Command history
19.4 Screen size
19.5 Numbers
19.6 Optional warnings and messages
19.7 Optional messages about internal happenings

20. Canned Sequences of Commands

20.1 User-defined commands
20.2 User-defined command hooks
20.3 Command files
20.4 Commands for controlled output

21. GDB Text User Interface

21.1 TUI overview
21.2 TUI Key Bindings
21.3 TUI Single Key Mode
21.4 TUI specific commands
21.5 TUI configuration variables

22. Using GDB under GNU Emacs
23. GDB Annotations

23.1 What is an Annotation?
23.2 The Server Prefix
23.3 Values
23.4 Frames
23.5 Displays
23.6 Annotation for GDB Input
23.7 Errors
23.8 Information on Breakpoints
23.9 Invalidation Notices
23.10 Running the Program
23.11 Displaying Source
23.12 Annotations We Might Want in the Future

24. The GDB/MI Interface

Function and Purpose
Notation and Terminology
24.1 GDB/MI Command Syntax

24.1.1 GDB/MI Input Syntax
24.1.2 GDB/MI Output Syntax
24.1.3 Simple Examples of GDB/MI Interaction

24.2 GDB/MI Compatibility with CLI
24.3 GDB/MI Output Records

24.3.1 GDB/MI Result Records
24.3.2 GDB/MI Stream Records
24.3.3 GDB/MI Out-of-band Records

24.4 GDB/MI Command Description Format
24.5 GDB/MI Breakpoint table commands
24.6 GDB/MI Data Manipulation
24.7 GDB/MI Program control
24.8 Miscellaneous GDB commands in GDB/MI
24.9 GDB/MI Stack Manipulation Commands
24.10 GDB/MI Symbol Query Commands
24.11 GDB/MI Target Manipulation Commands
24.12 GDB/MI Thread Commands
24.13 GDB/MI Tracepoint Commands
24.14 GDB/MI Variable Objects

25. Reporting Bugs in GDB

25.1 Have you found a bug?
25.2 How to report bugs

26. Command Line Editing

26.1 Introduction to Line Editing
26.2 Readline Interaction

26.2.1 Readline Bare Essentials
26.2.2 Readline Movement Commands
26.2.3 Readline Killing Commands
26.2.4 Readline Arguments
26.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History

26.3 Readline Init File

26.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax
26.3.2 Conditional Init Constructs
26.3.3 Sample Init File

26.4 Bindable Readline Commands

26.4.1 Commands For Moving
26.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History
26.4.3 Commands For Changing Text
26.4.4 Killing And Yanking
26.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments
26.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You
26.4.7 Keyboard Macros
26.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands

26.5 Readline vi Mode

27. Using History Interactively

27.1 History Expansion

27.1.1 Event Designators
27.1.2 Word Designators
27.1.3 Modifiers

A. Formatting Documentation
B. Installing GDB

B.1 Compiling GDB in another directory
B.2 Specifying names for hosts and targets
B.3 configure options

C. Maintenance Commands
D. GDB Remote Serial Protocol

D.1 Overview
D.2 Packets
D.3 Stop Reply Packets
D.4 General Query Packets
D.5 Register Packet Format
D.6 Examples

E. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

Preamble
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

F. GNU Free Documentation License

ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents

Index